Depression, sleep and pain affect instrumental activities of daily living through cognitive functioning in adults with sickle cell disease: A report from the Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium.

Depression, disrupted sleep and pain are common comorbidities in sickle cell disease. We tested (1) if these comorbidities are associated with attention/executive functioning, processing speed and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which describe complex skills that support independence, and (2) if cognitive symptoms mediate the relationship between comorbidities and IADLs. Participants (n = 2417) completed patient-reported outcome measures through the Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium.

Utility of Caregiver Signaling Questions to Detect Neurocognitive Impairment in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.

The American Society of Hematology cerebrovascular guidelines for sickle cell disease (SCD) recommend surveillance using signaling questions to screen for neurocognitive difficulties, though the clinical utility of these signaling questions has yet to be established. This study aimed to determine the clinical utility of caregiver signaling questions for detecting significant neurocognitive impairment (defined as >1.5 standard deviation (SD) below the normative mean on 2 or more measures) and domain-specific impairment (defined as >1.

A Novel One-Sample Mendelian Randomization Approach for Count-Type Outcomes That Is Robust to Correlated and Uncorrelated Pleiotropic Effects.

We propose two novel one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches to causal inference from count-type health outcomes, tailored to both equidispersion and overdispersion conditions. Selecting valid single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) poses a key challenge for MR approaches, as it requires meeting the necessary IV assumptions. To bolster the proposed approaches by addressing violations of IV assumptions, we incorporate a process for removing invalid SNPs that violate the assumptions.