PROGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF MACHINE LEARNING MODELS FOR IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AMONG CHILDREN WITH PHOENIX SEPSIS ADMITTED TO THE PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT.

Objective: The Phoenix sepsis criteria define sepsis in children with suspected or confirmed infection who have ≥2 in the Phoenix Sepsis Score. The adoption of the Phoenix sepsis criteria eliminated the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome criteria from the definition of pediatric sepsis. The objective of this study is to derive and validate machine learning models predicting in-hospital mortality for children with suspected or confirmed infection or who met the Phoenix sepsis criteria for sepsis and septic shock.

RNA Sequencing Analysis of Monocytes Exposed to Airway Fluid From Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Objectives: Monocytes are plastic cells that assume different polarization states that can either promote inflammation or tissue repair and inflammation resolution. Polarized monocytes are partially defined by their transcriptional profiles that are influenced by environmental stimuli. The airway monocyte response in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is undefined.

Assessing Social Determinants of Health During Critical Illness: Implications and Methodologies.

A growing body of literature has identified social determinants of health (SDoH) as potential contributors to health disparities in pediatric critical illness. Pediatric critical care providers should use validated screening tools to identify unmet social needs and ensure appropriate referral through multisector partnerships. Pediatric critical care researchers should consider factors outside of race and insurance status and explore the association between neighborhood-level factors and disparate health outcomes during critical illness.

Clinical and inflammatory features of traffic-related diesel exposure in children with asthma.

Background: Epidemiologic studies have revealed associations between traffic-related pollutants such as diesel particulate matter (PM) and asthma outcomes in children, but the inflammatory features associated with diesel PM exposure in children with asthma are not understood.

Objective: To evaluate symptoms, exacerbations, and lung function measures in children with uncontrolled asthma and their associations with residential proximity to major roadways and to determine associations between diesel PM exposure and systemic inflammatory cytokines, circulating markers of T-cell activation and exhaustion, and metabolomic features using biomarker studies.

Methods: Children 5 to 17 years of age with physician-diagnosed, uncontrolled asthma despite treatment with an asthma controller medication completed a research visit involving questionnaires, lung function testing, and venipuncture for biomarker studies.

Plasma metabolomics identifies differing endotypes of recurrent wheezing in preschool children differentiated by symptoms and social disadvantage.

Preschool children with recurrent wheezing are a heterogeneous population with many underlying biological pathways that contribute to clinical presentations. Although the morbidity of recurrent wheezing in preschool children is significant, biological studies in this population remain quite limited. To address this gap, this study performed untargeted plasma metabolomic analyses in 68 preschool children with recurrent wheezing to identify metabolomic endotypes of wheezing.