Clinical Outcomes of Early Phenotype-Desirable Antimicrobial Therapy for Enterobacterales Bacteremia.

Importance: Initiating effective therapy early is associated with improved survival among patients hospitalized with gram-negative bloodstream infections; furthermore, providing early phenotype-desirable antimicrobial therapy (PDAT; defined as receipt of a β-lactam antibiotic with the narrowest spectrum of activity to effectively treat the pathogen's phenotype) is crucial for antimicrobial stewardship. However, the timing of targeted therapy among patients hospitalized with gram-negative bloodstream infections is not well understood.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes between patients who were hospitalized with Enterobacterales bloodstream infections receiving early vs delayed PDAT.

An objective and sensitive electrophysiological marker of word semantic categorization impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Combining electroencephalographic (EEG) recording and fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) to provide an implicit, objective and sensitive electrophysiological measure of semantic word categorization impairment in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Methods: Twenty-five AD patients and 25 matched elderly healthy controls were tested with a validated FPVS-EEG paradigm in which different written words of the same semantic category (cities) appear at a fixed frequency of 4 words per second (4 Hz) for 70 seconds. Words from a different semantic category (animal) appear every 4 stimuli (i.

Are crystalloid-based fluid expansion strategies still relevant in the first hours of trauma induced hemorrhagic shock?

Background: Crystalloid-based fluid resuscitation has long been a cornerstone in the initial management of trauma-induced hemorrhagic shock. However, its benefit is increasingly questioned as it is suspected to increase bleeding and worsen coagulopathy. The emergence of alternative strategies like permissive hypotension and vasopressor use lead to a shift in early trauma care practices.

Mating systems and recombination landscape strongly shape genetic diversity and selection in wheat relatives.

How and why genetic diversity varies among species is a long-standing question in evolutionary biology. Life history traits have been shown to explain a large part of observed diversity. Among them, mating systems have one of the strongest impacts on genetic diversity, with selfing species usually exhibiting much lower diversity than outcrossing relatives.

Decolonizing climate change response: African indigenous knowledge and sustainable development.

Background: Anthropogenic Global Warming (AGW) poses a critical challenge necessitating effective global climate change mitigation efforts. However, the pervasive influence of scientism in AGW discourse often marginalizes Indigenous perspectives crucial for addressing climate impacts, particularly in Africa where adaptive capacity is limited.

Objective: This study, rooted in Transformative Learning Theory and Ubuntu philosophy, employs critical qualitative research methods to examine how scientism shapes AGW discourse epistemologically and ethically.