Time-varying effective EEG source connectivity: the optimization of model parameters.

Adaptive estimation methods based on general Kalman filter are powerful tools to investigate brain networks dynamics given the non-stationary nature of neural signals. These methods rely on two parameters, the model order p and adaptation constant c, which determine the resolution and smoothness of the time-varying multivariate autoregressive estimates. A sub-optimal filtering may present consistent biases in the frequency domain and temporal distortions, leading to fallacious interpretations.

Oil-in-water nanoemulsions are suitable for carrying hydrophobic compounds: Indomethacin as a model of anti-inflammatory drug.

Oil-in-water nanoemulsions are increasingly being used as delivery systems for encapsulating lipophilic components in functional food, personal care and pharmaceutical products. In the current study, we developed a multimodal platform to carry hydrophobic indomethacin or magnetic nanoparticles, or both. As a consequence, this platform has great potential for therapeutic or imaging purposes.

Iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetically-guided and magnetically-responsive drug delivery.

In this review, we discuss the recent advances in and problems with the use of magnetically-guided and magnetically-responsive nanoparticles in drug delivery and magnetofection. In magnetically-guided nanoparticles, a constant external magnetic field is used to transport magnetic nanoparticles loaded with drugs to a specific site within the body or to increase the transfection capacity. Magnetofection is the delivery of nucleic acids under the influence of a magnetic field acting on nucleic acid vectors that are associated with magnetic nanoparticles.

External magnetic field-induced selective biodistribution of magnetoliposomes in mice.

This study looked at the effect of an external magnet on the biodistribution of magnetoliposomes intravenously administrated in mice (8 mg iron/kg) with and without induced acute inflammation. Our results showed that due to enhanced vascular permeability, magnetoliposomes accumulated at the site of inflammation in the absence of an external magnetic field, but the amount of iron present increased under the effect of a magnet located at the inflammation zone. This increase was dependent on the time (20 or 60 min) of exposure of the external magnetic field.

Effect of magnet implant on iron biodistribution of Fe@C nanoparticles in the mouse.

The in vivo biodistribution of Fe@C nanoparticles (NP) was tested in mice bearing an inflammatory focus induced by injecting carrageenan into an air pouch previously formed on their back. The animals were intravenously injected NP with a high (60 mg/kg) or a low iron dose (6 mg/kg) and sacrificed 2 h later. Blood and organ samples (liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) were obtained; washed exudates were also collected.