[Drugs and breastfeeding].

Most drugs taken by the mother reach breast milk and are ingested by the nursing infant. Most of the drugs are detected in breast milk at low concentrations, so breastfeeding by women taking these drugs is possible. The effect of some drugs on the nursing infant is unknown and further studies are needed.

[Is therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in paediatric patients necessary?].

There is increasing discussion about the clinical usefulness of routine TDM of selected drugs in paediatrics. Routine TDM is performed as a way to individualize dosing requirements so as to achieve "therapeutic" concentrations in all patients, independently of age and individual drug response. The therapeutic ranges established for most drugs are based upon studies performed in adults.

[Pharmacokinetic and therapeutic monitoring of gentamicin serum concentration in neonates].

Pharmacokinetic analysis of gentamicin in 355 neonates hospitalized in the Clinical Dept. of Neonatology of the National Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw was performed. The patients' group consisted of 119 premature and 236 full-term neonates, who were receiving gentamicin i.

[Preliminary evaluation of individualized use of large doses of methotrexate for treatment of osteosarcoma in children and adolescents].

To improve the final treatment results in children with osteosarcoma, we applied after French DD-11 protocol HD MTX increasing with the younger age of patients, modified next on the basis of maximal serum drug concentrations (Cmax) as feed-back dosing. Toxic side effects were analysed according to WHO grading correlated with MTX elimination. We administered 39 HD MTX courses in 13 patients with osteosarcoma: aged 7-20 yrs (median 12 yrs).

[The effect of fenoterol (partusisten) on cAMP and cGMP concentrations, acetylcholine esterase and choline acetyltransferase activities in rat placenta].

Several observations indicate a possible role of the placental cholinergic system in the modulation and maintenance of placental function and subsequently fetal growth and development. We have investigated the effect of Partusisten (1 mg/kg p.o.