Prevalence of iodine deficiency among vegan compared to vegetarian and omnivore children in the Czech Republic: cross-sectional study.

Background: The intake and homeostasis of iodine, an essential micronutrient that plays a vital role in thyroid physiology, is of particular concern with the increasing popularity of vegetarian (VG) and vegan (VN) diets. Children on these restrictive diets may be at risk of possible adverse effects on growth and development, but there is currently a lack of recent epidemiological studies on this topic.

Methods: We gathered clinical, anthropometric, and blood/urine data on iodine status and thyroid function from children aged 0-18 years who followed either a VG diet (n = 91), VN diet (n = 75), or omnivore diet (OM, n = 52).

Severe COVID-19 associated hyperglycemia is caused by beta cell dysfunction: a prospective cohort study.

Background: COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, was shown to be associated with an increased risk of new-onset diabetes. Mechanisms contributing to the development of hyperglycemia are still unclear. We aimed to study whether hyperglycemia is related to insulin resistance and/or beta cell dysfunction.

Clinical and prognostic significance of detecting , , , and mRNA-positive cells in the peripheral blood, tumor-draining blood and bone marrow of non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Surgical treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) yields highest expectations for recovery. However, the frequency of further disease progression remains high since micro-metastatic disease may be undetected by conventional diagnostic methods. We test the presence and prognostic impact of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood (PB), tumor-draining pulmonary blood (TDB) and bone marrow (BM) samples from NSCLC patients.

Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial.

Aim: The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics.

Visceral Fat Accumulation Is Related to Impaired Pancreatic Blood Perfusion and Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Obese Women.

Aims/hypothesis: Beta-cell failure plays a fundamental role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. It has been shown that the beta-cells are among the most sensitive to hypoxia. We aimed to analyze whether decrease in pancreatic perfusion relates to 1/decline in beta-cell function and 2/visceral fat accumulation in patients with T2DM.