Adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV-2 during a persistent infection for 521 days in an immunocompromised patient.

Immunocompromised patients struggle to adequately clear viral infections, offering the virus the opportunity to adapt to the immune system in the host. Here we present a case study of a patient undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with a 521-day follow-up of a SARS-CoV-2 infection with the BF.7.

A Stable Carbon-Centered Radical Showing Six Amphoteric Redox States.

An air- and moisture-stable hydrocarbon radical with four six- and three five-membered rings alternately fused to a heptacycle was obtained by ortho fusion in a suitably ortho,ortho'-substituted diphenylfluorene and subsequent re-establishment of the conjugation. The radical was obtained in five consecutive steps from commercially available starting materials with a total yield of 34 %; key steps are Suzuki couplings and cyclizing SAr reactions. Mesityl substituents at the five-membered rings ensure the stability of the radical.

Natural resorcylic lactones derived from alternariol.

In this overview, naturally occurring resorcylic lactones biosynthetically derived from alternariol and almost exclusively produced by fungi, are discussed with view on their isolation, structure, biological activities, biosynthesis, and total syntheses. This class of compounds consists until now of 127 naturally occurring compounds, with very divers structural motifs. Although only a handful of these toxins (i.

Synthesis of Helical Indolophenanthridines Showing Aggregation-Induced Emission.

Helical indolo[2,3-]- and [3,2-]phenanthridines were synthesized from amines by amide formation and Morgan-Walls cyclization. The synthetic routes offer the advantage of late-stage derivatization and do not require protecting groups, which makes the compounds directly suitable for further functionalization. The compounds exhibit remarkable acid-dependent bathochromic shifts of the luminescence, solvatochromism, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior, which make them especially interesting candidates for studies toward optoelectronic applications.

Immunotherapy of cytomegalovirus infection by low-dose adoptive transfer of antiviral CD8 T cells relies on substantial post-transfer expansion of central memory cells but not effector-memory cells.

Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are host species-specific in their replication. It is a hallmark of all CMVs that productive primary infection is controlled by concerted innate and adaptive immune responses in the immunocompetent host. As a result, the infection usually passes without overt clinical symptoms and develops into latent infection, referred to as "latency".