The epidemiology, clinical course and outcome of febrile cytopenia in children.

Aim: Transient infectious neutropenia of mild-to-moderate severity is common and resolves spontaneously within weeks. This was the first prospective study of the whole spectrum of febrile cytopenia in noncancer patients followed-up for 2 years. It aimed to assess its aetiology, duration and outcome.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in children: classical and newer therapeutic approaches.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) represents a rare myeloproliferative disease among children where allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) remains the curative gold standard. However, the impressive early cytogenetic and molecular responses achieved by tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs (imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib)] as first-line or even sole treatment in adults, has led to their increasing use also among children. Due to limited data regarding long-term results of TKIs and especially those of second generation in pediatric cohorts, we would like to add clinical information in this rare series of patients by reporting on four children with CML over a 10-year period, focusing on TKIs, dose escalations and clinical responses.

Acute acalculous cholecystitis as the initial presentation of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection.

The case of a 13-year-old girl with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and concomitant cholestatic hepatitis, which initially presented as acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC), is described. The diagnosis of AAC was documented by clinical and ultrasonographic criteria, whereas acute EBV infection was confirmed serologically. AAC may develop during the course of acute EBV infection, especially in patients with cholestatic hepatitis.

Second and third malignant solid tumor in a girl with ovarian Sertoli-Leydig tumor.

We report a Sertoli-Leydig cell (SLC) tumor of the right ovary in a 10-year-old girl, which was dealt with surgical removal. Three months after resection, she presented with a new episode of acute abdomen because of an abdominal mass, which histologically was compatible with an undifferentiated embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Chemotherapy, according to SIOP-??? 89 protocol, was administered additionally to radiotherapy (3,960 cGy).