Multi-institutional development and testing of attention-enhanced deep learning segmentation of thyroid nodules on ultrasound.

Purpose: Thyroid nodules are common, and ultrasound-based risk stratification using ACR's TIRADS classification is a key step in predicting nodule pathology. Determining thyroid nodule contours is necessary for the calculation of TIRADS scores and can also be used in the development of machine learning nodule diagnosis systems. This paper presents the development, validation, and multi-institutional independent testing of a machine learning system for the automatic segmentation of thyroid nodules on ultrasound.

The relationship between life regrets and well-being: a systematic review.

Introduction: The aim of the current study is to examine the association between life regret and well-being, through a systematic review.

Methods: Four different databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, Dissertations & Theses Global, and ERIC) were used to source 31 relevant articles, published between 1989 and 2018.

Results: We conclude that experiencing greater life regret is associated with negative effects on various aspects of well-being, such as life satisfaction and depressive symptoms.

Risk of adverse birth outcomes and birth defects among women living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy and HIV-negative women in Uganda, 2015-2021.

Introduction: We assessed the risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and birth defects among women living with HIV (WLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV-negative women.

Methods: We analyzed data on live births, stillbirths, and spontaneous abortions during 2015-2021 from a hospital-based birth defects surveillance system in Kampala, Uganda. ART regimens were recorded from hospital records and maternal self-reports.

Esophagectomy Trends and Postoperative Outcomes at Private Equity-Acquired Health Centers.

Importance: Growing trends in private equity acquisition of acute care hospitals in the US have motivated investigations into quality of care delivered at these health centers. While some studies have explored comparative outcomes for high-acuity medical conditions, care trends and outcomes of complex surgical procedures, such as esophagectomy, at private equity-acquired hospitals is unknown.

Objective: To compare structural characteristics and postoperative outcomes following esophagectomy between private equity-acquired and nonacquired health centers.

Local tissue response to a C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 therapy for fecal incontinence in a rabbit model.

This study aimed to determine if local injection of CXCL12 reduces sphincter fibrosis, restores sphincter muscle content, vascularization, and innervation, and recruits progenitor cells in a rabbit model of anal sphincter injury and incontinence. Adult female rabbits were assigned to 3 groups: uninjured/no treatment (control), injured/treated (treated), and injured/no treatment (untreated) (n=4 each). Injured groups were anesthetized and a section of external anal sphincter was removed at the 9:00 o'clock position.