NHS-Galleri trial: Enriched enrolment approaches and sociodemographic characteristics of enrolled participants.

Background/aims: Certain sociodemographic groups are routinely underrepresented in clinical trials, limiting generalisability. Here, we describe the extent to which enriched enrolment approaches yielded a diverse trial population enriched for older age in a randomised controlled trial of a blood-based multi-cancer early detection test (NCT05611632).

Methods: Participants aged 50-77 years were recruited from eight Cancer Alliance regions in England.

Risk of Vertebral Fracture in Individuals with End-Stage Renal Disease Secondary to Vasculitis.

Background: Glucocorticoids are central to vasculitis treatment but increase vertebral fracture risk. This study assessed whether vasculitis as the cause of ESRD is associated with incident vertebral fracture, controlling for corticosteroid use.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2006-2019 on adults in the U.

Assessing multidimensional fidelity in a pilot optimization trial: A process evaluation of four intervention components supporting medication adherence in women with breast cancer.

Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer is low. We conducted a 24-1 fractional factorial pilot optimization trial to test four intervention components supporting medication adherence [text messages, information leaflet, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), self-management website], in the preparation phase of the multiphase optimization strategy. Guided by the National Institute of Health Behavior Change Consortium fidelity framework, we investigated fidelity of design, training, delivery, receipt, and enactment of four intervention components.

Visual perceptual artefacts in cardiothoracic imaging: Implications for diagnostic accuracy and strategies for mitigation.

Visual perceptual artefacts are distortions or illusions in medical image interpretation arising from the human visual system rather than hardware or imaging acquisition processes. These artefacts, emerging at various visual processing stages, such as the retina, visual pathways, visual cortex, and cognitive interpretation stages, impact the interpretation of cardiothoracic images. This review discusses artefacts including Mach bands, Dark Rim, Background Effects, Ambiguous Figures, Subjective Contours, and the Parallax Effect.