A Novel 3D Reconstruction Sensor Using a Diving Lamp and a Camera for Underwater Cave Exploration.

Aquifer karstic structures, due to their complex nature, present significant challenges in accurately mapping their intricate features. Traditional methods often rely on invasive techniques or sophisticated equipment, limiting accessibility and feasibility. In this paper, a new approach is proposed for a non-invasive, low-cost 3D reconstruction using a camera that observes the light projection of a simple diving lamp.

Acute effects of graduated and progressive compression stockings on leg vein cross-sectional area and viscoelasticity in patients with chronic venous disease.

Objective: To determine the effects of graduated and progressive elastic compression stockings (ECS) on postural diameter changes and viscoelasticity of leg veins in healthy controls and in limbs with chronic venous disease (CVD).

Methods: In 57 patients whose legs presented with C, C, or C CEAP classes of chronic venous disease and were treated primarily with compression, and 54 healthy controls matched for age and body mass index, we recorded interface pressures (IFP) at 9 reference leg levels. Cross-sectional areas of the small saphenous vein (SSV) and a deep calf vein (DCV) were measured with B-mode ultrasound with patients supine and standing, recording the force (PF) applied on the ultrasound probe to collapse each vein with progressive ECS, and with and without graduated 15 to 20 mm Hg and 20 to 36 mm Hg elastic stockings.

Noninvasive measurement of venous wall deformation induced by changes in transmural pressure shows altered viscoelasticity in patients with chronic venous disease.

Objective: The noninvasive measurement of venous wall deformation induced by changes in transmural pressure could allow for the assessment of viscoelasticity and differentiating normal from diseased veins.

Methods: In 57 patients with limbs in the C1s (telangiectasia or reticular veins and symptoms), C3 (edema), or C5 (healed venous ulcer) CEAP (clinical, etiologic, anatomic, pathophysiologic) category of chronic venous disease and 54 matched healthy controls, we measured the changes in the cross-sectional area of the small saphenous vein and a deep calf vein in the supine and standing positions and under compression with an ultrasound probe using ultrasonography.

Results: The small saphenous vein, but not the deep calf vein, cross-sectional area was smaller in the limbs of the controls than in the limbs with C3 or C5 disease but was not different from that in C1s limbs.

A systematic review of surgical site infections following day surgery: a frequentist and a Bayesian meta-analysis of prevalence.

Background: Since 1990, several studies have focused on safety and patient satisfaction in connection with day surgery. However, to date, no meta-analysis has investigated the overall prevalence of surgical site infections (SSI).

Aim: To estimate the overall prevalence of SSI following day surgery, regardless of the type of surgery.