Scalp microbiome composition changes and pathway evaluations due to effective treatment with Piroctone Olamine shampoo.

Objective: To characterize the scalp microbial composition, function, and connection to dandruff severity using a metagenomics approach and to understand the impact of a Piroctone Olamine containing anti-dandruff shampoo on the scalp microbiome.

Methods: Shotgun metagenomics was used to characterize the composition of the scalp microbiomes from 94 subjects with and without clinically defined dandruff. Furthermore, the microbiome of the scalps of 100 dandruff sufferers before and after 3 weeks of treatment with either control or anti-dandruff shampoo containing 0.

Aging-Associated Changes in the Adult Human Skin Microbiome and the Host Factors that Affect Skin Microbiome Composition.

Understanding the changes in the skin microbiome and their relationship to host skin factors during aging remains largely unknown. To better understand this phenomenon, we collected samples for metagenomic and host skin factor analyses from the forearm, buttock, and facial skin from 158 Caucasian females aged 20‒24, 30‒34, 40‒44, 50‒54, 60‒64, and 70‒74 years. Metagenomics analysis was performed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, whereas host sebocyte gland area, skin lipids, natural moisturizing factors, and antimicrobial peptides measurements were also performed.

Transcriptomic analysis of human skin wound healing and rejuvenation following ablative fractional laser treatment.

Ablative fractional laser treatment is considered the gold standard for skin rejuvenation. In order to understand how fractional laser works to rejuvenate skin, we performed microarray profiling on skin biopsies to identify temporal and dose-response changes in gene expression following fractional laser treatment. The backs of 14 women were treated with ablative fractional laser (Fraxel®) and 4 mm punch biopsies were collected from an untreated site and at the treated sites 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the single treatment.

Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.

At birth, human infants are poised to survive in harsh, hostile conditions. An understanding of the state of newborn skin development and maturation is key to the maintenance of health, optimum response to injury, healing and disease. The observational study collected full-thickness newborn skin samples from 27 infants at surgery and compared them to skin samples from 43 adult sites protected from ultraviolet radiation exposure, as the standard for stable, mature skin.

Culturing Keratinocytes on Biomimetic Substrates Facilitates Improved Epidermal Assembly In Vitro.

Mechanotransduction is defined as the ability of cells to sense mechanical stimuli from their surroundings and translate them into biochemical signals. Epidermal keratinocytes respond to mechanical cues by altering their proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In vitro cell culture, however, utilises tissue culture plastic, which is significantly stiffer than the in vivo environment.