Pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation in Pacific Island athletes.

Background: Pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation (PPE) aims to detect cardiac disease with sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk. No study has focused on Pacific Island athletes.

Methods: A total of 2281 Pacific Island athletes were studied with (i) a questionnaire on family, personal history and symptoms, (ii) a physical examination and (iii) a 12-lead ECG.

Analytical investigation of salivary calculi, by mid-infrared spectroscopy.

Sialolithiasis is common in salivary glands, especially in the submandibular and parotid ducts. X-Ray diffractometry was the principal technique used for their analysis, sometimes associated with scanning electron microscopy. Hydroxyapatite was the most frequently described constituent, in association with whitlockite and other calcium phosphates as brushite or octocalcium phosphate.

[Primary hyperoxaluria].

Primary hyperoxalurias are rare recessive inherited inborn errors of glyoxylate metabolism. They are responsible for progressive renal involvement, which further lead to systemic oxalate deposition, which can even occur in infants. Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is the most common form in Europe and is due to alanine-glyoxylate aminostransferase deficiency, a hepatic peroxisomal pyridoxin-dependent enzyme.

Nephrolithiasis related to inborn metabolic diseases.

Nephrolithiasis associated with inborn metabolic diseases is a very rare condition with some common characteristics: early onset of symptoms, family history, associated tubular impairment, bilateral, multiple and recurrent stones, and association with nephrocalcinosis. The prognosis of such diseases may lead to life threatening conditions, not only because of unabated kidney damage but also because of progressive extra-renal involvement, either in a systemic form (e.g.

Bilateral urinary calculi after treatment with a silicate-containing milk thickener.

Unlabelled: Nephrocalcinosis and/or urinary calculi are rare in infants. Furosemide treatment during the neonatal period, vitamin D intoxication, hereditary diseases such as hyperoxaluria or distal tubular acidosis are among the most common aetiologies. We report the case of a 6-month-old boy with an extra-hepatic biliary duct atresia treated by the Kasai procedure and a gastro-oesophageal reflux treated with a silicate containing milk thickener (Gelopectose, 5.