Rapid and Robust Monitoring of Phytophthora Infectivity Through Detached Leaf Assays with Automated Image Analysis.

The detached leaf assay is a valuable method for studying plant-pathogen interactions, enabling the assessment of pathogenicity, plant resistance, and treatment effects. In this protocol, we outline how to set up a Phytophthora detached leaf assay and use non-expert machine learning tools to increase the reliability and throughput of the image analysis. Utilizing ilastik for pixel classification and Python scripts for segmentation, manual correction, and temporal linking, the pipeline provides objective and quantitative data over time.

High-Statistics Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Electron Spectrum with H.E.S.S.

Owing to their rapid cooling rate and hence loss-limited propagation distance, cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CRe) at very high energies probe local cosmic-ray accelerators and provide constraints on exotic production mechanisms such as annihilation of dark matter particles. We present a high-statistics measurement of the spectrum of CRe candidate events from 0.3 to 40 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System, covering 2 orders of magnitude in energy and reaching a proton rejection power of better than 10^{4}.

Changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Indonesian Adolescents: The Role of Sex, Urban Area, Baseline BMI and Appetitive Traits.

Introduction: Little is known about how the COVID-19 situation affected weight development among Indonesian adolescents. This longitudinal study examined whether, and for whom the COVID-19 situation affected weight outcomes over time among adolescents from private schools and higher socioeconomic positions (SEP) in Indonesia, where being overweight is a rather prevalent characteristic. This study specifically examined whether appetitive traits (i.

Exploring the longitudinal association between stress and unhealthy eating behaviors: The role of physical activity, BMI, and loneliness.

Previous cross-sectional research indicates a link between stress and unhealthy eating, but the longitudinal association remains unknown. This study examined the longitudinal association between perceived stress over a longer time period and unhealthy eating (i.e.