EEG abnormalities and clinical phenotypes in pre-school children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG) results have been reported in a high percentage of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of EEG abnormalities in a clinical population of pre-school children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the differences in terms of the following phenotypic characteristics: adaptive behavior, executive functioning, severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder core symptoms, and comorbidity symptoms.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 69 children who attended the Autism Spectrum Disorder early diagnosis program with electroencephalography and clinical diagnosis was performed.

Changes in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) of University Schools of Medicine during COVID-19. Experience with a computer-based case simulation OSCE (CCS-OSCE).

Background And Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced universities to move the completion of university studies online. Spain's National Conference of Medical School Deans coordinates an objective, structured clinical competency assessment called the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), which consists of 20 face-to-face test sections for students in their sixth year of study. As a result of the pandemic, a computer-based case simulation OSCE (CCS-OSCE) has been designed.

[Changes in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) of University Schools of Medicine during COVID-19. Experience with a computer-based case simulation OSCE (CCS-OSCE)].

Background And Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced universities to move the completion of university studies online. Spain's National Conference of Medical School Deans coordinates an objective, structured clinical competency assessment called the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), which consists of 20 face-to-face test sections for students in their sixth year of study. As a result of the pandemic, a computer-based case simulation OSCE (CCS-OSCE) has been designed.

[Neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptomatology in Alzheimer disease].

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) show high incidence of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS).The occurrence of BPS has a great impact on the patients and caregiver's quality of life, increases caregiver's burden, and in many cases precipitates admission of the patients to a geriatric center. On the other hand, the importance of the BPS is increasing because most of them are susceptible to being treated effectively, mainly thanks to the use of drug measures and behaviour modification techniques.

Responses of ventral respiratory neurones in the rat to vagus stimulation and the functional division of expiration.

In anaesthetized rats, extracellular and intracellular recordings were taken from 106 respiratory neurones in the intermediate region of the nucleus ambiguus. We observed unprovoked shortening of expiratory time accompanied, in all classes of respiratory neurone, by the elimination of the changes in membrane potential that were characteristic of stage II expiration. The demonstration of the elimination of stage II expiration in both the rat and cat strongly supports the functional division of expiration into stage I expiration (post-inspiration) and stage II expiration.