An Activation Failure: Factors Associated With Undertriage of Pediatric Major Trauma Victims.

Introduction: Undertriage of children contributes to poorer clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with undertriage of pediatric major trauma victims.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of children (aged < 16 ys) using the 2021 American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank.

Evaluation of a Large Language Model on the American Academy of Pediatrics' PREP Emergency Medicine Question Bank.

Background: Large language models (LLMs), including ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer), a popular, publicly available LLM, represent an important innovation in the application of artificial intelligence. These systems generate relevant content by identifying patterns in large text datasets based on user input across various topics. We sought to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in practice test questions designed to assess knowledge competency for pediatric emergency medicine (PEM).

Establishing thresholds for shock index in children to identify major trauma.

Background: An abnormal shock index (SI) is associated with greater injury severity among children with trauma. We sought to empirically-derive age-adjusted SI cutpoints associated with major trauma in children, and to compare the accuracy of these cutpoints to existing criteria for pediatric SI.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the 2021 National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) Participant Use File.

Corrigendum: Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis have decreased clonal diversity in the CD8 T cell repertoire response to influenza vaccination.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.

Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis have decreased clonal diversity in the CD8 T cell repertoire response to influenza vaccination.

Recurrent exposures to a pathogenic antigen remodel the CD8 T cell compartment and generate a functional memory repertoire that is polyclonal and complex. At the clonotype level, the response to the conserved influenza antigen, M1 has been well characterized in healthy individuals, but not in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy or with aberrant immunity, such as those with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Here we show that patients with JIA have a reduced number of M1 specific RS/RA clonotypes, indicating decreased clonal richness and, as a result, have lower repertoire diversity.