Publications by authors named "J P Crandall"
Biofuels derived from renewable and sustainable lignocellulosic biomass, such as switchgrass, offer a promising means to limit greenhouse gas emissions. However, switchgrass grown under drought conditions contains high levels of chemical compounds that inhibit microbial conversion to biofuels. Fermentation of drought switchgrass hydrolysates by engineered and generates less ethanol than fermentation of hydrolyzed switchgrass from an average rainfall year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare the risk of hypoglycemia among type 2 diabetes patients on metformin and adding one of four common therapies: glargine, glimepiride, liraglutide, or sitagliptin.
- The trial included 5,047 participants, assessing severe hypoglycemia events and symptoms over an average of 5 years, with a per-protocol analysis of 4,830 who completed follow-ups.
- Results showed that glimepiride had the highest incidence of severe hypoglycemia (1.3%), while liraglutide and sitagliptin had the lowest risks, indicating varying hypoglycemia likelihood based on the second medication added
Article Synopsis
- Functional innovation at the protein level plays a significant role in evolution, with specific constraints depending on each protein's unique history and structure.
- The study focuses on a recent functional innovation in an α-glucoside transporter from the yeast Saccharomyces eubayanus, revealing that novel substrate transport requires complex interactions among various protein regions.
- By analyzing genome data from 332 Saccharomycotina yeast species, the research suggests that these α-glucoside transporters evolved from a multifunctional ancestor and underwent subfunctionalization, making the acquisition of new functions challenging but possible through specific genetic changes.
Key Points: Severely increased urinary albumin excretion rate is an effective criterion to select persons with type 1 diabetes at high risk of GFR decline for enrollment in clinical trials. A history of rapid GFR decline is less effective but can be used to extend clinical trials to person with normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease. These findings have immediate implications for the design of clinical trials of novel renoprotective interventions in type 1 diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn oncologic PET, the SUV and standardized uptake ratio (SUR) of a viable tumor generally increase during the postinjection period. In contrast, the net influx rate ( ), which is derived from dynamic PET data, should remain relatively constant. Uptake-time-corrected SUV (cSUV) and SUR (cSUR) have been proposed as uptake-time-independent, static alternatives to Our primary aim was to quantify the intrascan repeatability of , SUV, cSUV, SUR, and cSUR among malignant lesions on PET/CT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF