Publications by authors named "J P Cowen"
Aim: The British Thyroid Association (BTA) Guidelines for the Management of Thyroid Cancer advocate for fine-needle aspiration cytology for all thyroid nodules graded indeterminate (U3) at ultrasound assessment. This approach raises concerns regarding potential over-diagnosis of low-risk lesions. Conversely, equivalent Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADS) guidelines permit surveillance or discharge of indeterminate thyroid nodules of certain sizes.
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- * The case studies a man in his 20s who experienced spontaneous, non-traumatic multivessel CAD affecting three to four vessels, leading to bilateral cerebellar infarcts and a basilar artery thrombus.
- * It's essential for clinicians to recognize CAD and its potential severity, emphasizing the need for thorough clinical examinations and proper imaging, and highlighting the importance of accurately assessing eye movements in the diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- Fibrosis, caused by excessive scarring after injury, accounts for over 40% of disease-related deaths worldwide and leads to the destruction of organ structure by activated fibroblasts.
- The study reveals that direct contact with profibrotic macrophages, rather than proinflammatory ones, triggers fibroblast contractions, dependent on specific proteins (αvβ3 integrin and Piezo1).
- This contact elevates calcium levels in fibroblasts, activating transcription factors that drive fibroblast activation, suggesting that targeting the mechanisms of macrophage-fibroblast interaction could help develop antifibrosis treatments.
Objective: Both hepatitis C virus (HCV) and opioid use disorder (OUD) have been associated with higher rates of preterm birth (PTB). It is unknown whether the higher prevalence of HCV in individuals with OUD may contribute to this association. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between HCV and PTB in pregnant individuals with OUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intrameatal vascular loops (IVL) entering the internal auditory meatus and neurovascular contact (NVC) with the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve [CN] VIII) have been proposed to have a relationship with audiovestibular symptoms.
Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether the presence of IVLs and CN VIII NVC on MRI is associated with tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), or vertigo and any specific subtypes.
Data Sources: All studies comparing the presence of IVL or CN VIII NVC in ears with these audiovestibular symptoms and controls were identified through MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials databases.