Flow characteristics of urethral catheters of the same caliber vary between manufacturers.

Background: Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is frequently prescribed for bladder dysfunction, either per urethra or via a continent catheterizable channel. Small catheters may be required for infants or continent channels. Success with CIC is highly dependent upon patient and family compliance.

Trends in Toilet Training and Voiding Habits among Children with Down Syndrome.

Purpose: Children with Down syndrome are at risk for lower urinary tract dysfunction and delayed toilet training. Comparative studies regarding voiding function in the Down syndrome population are lacking. We assessed urinary continence and voiding function in patients with Down syndrome and a control group.

Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome, revisited: detailed clinical and molecular analyses determine whether patients have neurofibromatosis type 1, coincidental manifestations, or a distinct disorder.

Purpose: "Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome" describes the complex of multiple nonossifying fibromas of the long bones, mandibular giant cell lesions, and café-au-lait macules in individuals without neurofibromas. We sought to determine whether Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome is a distinct genetic entity or a variant of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Methods: We performed germline NF1, SPRED1, and GNAS1 (exon 8) mutation testing on patients with Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome or Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome-related features.

Projected financial impact of noncoverage of elective circumcision by Louisiana medicaid in boys 0 to 5 years old.

Purpose: Several states, including Louisiana since 2005, no longer cover elective circumcision under Medicaid programs. The recent AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) policy statement recognizes the medical benefits of circumcision and recommends the removal of financial barriers to this procedure. Cost savings are a factor in the limitation of circumcision coverage, although to our knowledge the actual cost savings to Medicaid programs have not been reported.