Multi-omics analyses reveal rumen microbes and secondary metabolites that are unique to livestock species.

Ruminant livestock, including cattle, sheep, goats, and camels, possess a distinctive digestive system with complex microbiota communities critical for feed conversion and secondary metabolite production, including greenhouse gases. Yet, there is limited knowledge regarding the diversity of rumen microbes and metabolites benefiting livestock physiology, productivity, climate impact, and defense mechanisms across ruminant species. In this study, we utilized metataxonomics and metabolomics data from four evolutionarily distinct livestock species, which had fed on diverse plant materials like grass, shrubs, and acacia trees, to uncover the unique signature microbes and secondary metabolites.

Environmental distribution and risk of exposure of Heavy Metal Pollutants from Lolgorian Artisanal Gold Mining in Kenya.

The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of heavy metals in the environmental compartments from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activities from Lolgorian, Kenya. The investigation was carried out using Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Mercury (p > 0.

Conglomeratin: a new antibacterial flavonol derivative from Brenan (Euphorbiaceae).

A new prenylated kaempferol, conglomeratin (), alongside known compounds including flavonoids ( and ), ellagic acid derivatives ( and ), triterpenoids ( and ), and a coumarin () were isolated from the leaves () and stem bark () of . Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. The antibacterial assay was performed using disc diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.

Brewers' spent grain in adsorption of aqueous Congo Red and malachite Green dyes: Batch and continuous flow systems.

Sorption of Congo Red (CR) and Malachite Green (MG) dyes currently used in pigments and clothing industries were investigated using brewers' spent grain (BSG) from a local brewery. Adsorption increased with a higher adsorbent weight and lower colorant concentrations. Accumulation of CR and MG was optimal at acidic pH and neutral pH respectively.

Adsorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions using Eichhornia crassipes.

Adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution using dried roots, stems, and leaves of Eichhornia crassipes biomass obtained from Lake Victoria was studied. Batch experimental results revealed that the adsorption process was highly dependent on adsorbent dosage, initial MB concentration, E. crassipes particle size and aqueous solution temperature.