Biochemical validation of a food frequency questionnaire measuring immune modulating nutrient intake in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Background And Aims: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular disease affecting approximately 6 % of the population. The condition is associated with claudication, non-healing ischemic ulceration, and a systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative state. Recently, nutrition therapy is exploring immunonutrition as a novel dietary strategy to reduce the progression of atherosclerosis.

The "20-minute Rule" in Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion. Fact or Fiction? A Multi-Center Analysis of 658 Patients.

Study DesignRetrospective Cohort Study.ObjectiveLateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) is a treatment option for correcting lumbar degenerative pathologies that uses a retroperitoneal, transpsoas corridor to the disc space. Conventional teaching of the LLIF technique has been to perform the procedure 'as efficiently as possible', with a goal of keeping the total retractor time to less than 20 minutes to prevent injuries.

Patient and Carer Understandings and Experiences of Living With Type 2 Diabetes in India.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing in India. Evidence suggests that adherence to both pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment regimens combined with support from carers may help in the optimal management of T2D. However, adherence to treatment and the role of carers is not clearly understood in the management of T2D in India.

Spatially Enhanced Electrostatic Doping in Graphene Realized via Heterointerfacial Precipitated Metals.

Forming heavily-doped regions in 2D materials, like graphene, is a steppingstone to the design of emergent devices and heterostructures. Here, a selective-area approach is presented to tune the work-function and carrier density in monolayer graphene by spatially synthesizing sub-monolayer gallium beneath the 2D-solid. The localized metallic gallium is formed via precipitation from an underlying diamond-like carbon (DLC) film that is spatially implanted with gallium-ions.