Publications by authors named "J Nuttall"
High incidence of tuberculosis in young children living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Background: Data on tuberculosis (TB) incidence and risk factors among children living with HIV (CLHIV) in the universal ART era are limited.
Methods: We analysed routinely-collected data on TB diagnoses for CLHIV age ≤5 years, born 2018-2022, in the Westen Cape, South Africa. We examined factors associated with TB diagnosis, with death and loss to follow-up as competing events.
Introduction: Distal radius fractures (DRF) are common injuries seen by therapists. Patient Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) are a way to measure recovery, yet previous research suggests PROM utilisation is low amongst therapists. This study looks at current use of condition specific PROMs amongst UK therapists treating patients with DRF and explores possible barriers and facilitators to their use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic resistance is a global threat, with a disproportionate burden of mortality in low- and middle-income countries. It is increasing in both the public and private healthcare sectors within South Africa, especially in Gram-negative organisms, and is associated with increased use of World Health Organization watch and reserve antibiotics. There is a need for improved access to new antibiotics to treat infections caused by drug-resistant organisms in order to limit side-effects and improve patient outcomes of currently available antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - This paper presents a new approach using spatial-temporal graph neural networks (ST-GNNs) to predict groundwater levels, addressing the complexities caused by various environmental factors.
- - It discusses how traditional models struggle with the non-linear nature of groundwater data, while the ST-GNN framework effectively combines spatial and temporal information from a dataset of 395 groundwater level time series and other relevant data.
- - The modified Multivariate Time Graph Neural Network model demonstrates improved accuracy and reliability in predicting groundwater levels, especially in dealing with missing data, compared to standard methods, showcasing the potential of ST-GNNs in enhancing environmental modeling.
Article Synopsis
- Acne is a common skin condition that affects women's quality of life and often leads to long-term antibiotic use, prompting the study of spironolactone as a potential treatment.
- The study was a randomized, double-blind trial assessing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of spironolactone for treating facial acne in women aged 18 and older, continuing their usual topical treatments.
- Results showed that among the 410 women randomized, the treatment group successfully tolerated spironolactone at increasing doses, with a focus on improvements in acne-related quality of life over a 12-week period.