While morphological abnormalities have been widely reported in batomorphs, ontogenetic deformities of the posterior pectoral fin are rare. In this paper, we present a bluespotted ribbontail ray, (Forsskål, 1775), with symmetrically deformed posterior pectoral fins. The specimen was observed through aerial imagery on a coastal sandflat in the central Red Sea (22.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spetzler-Martin (SM) Grade III brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) represent a transitional risk zone between low- and high-grade BAVMs, characterized by diverse angioarchitecture. The primary treatment options are endovascular embolization, microsurgical resection (MS), and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). This study compares the efficacy and outcomes of MS and SRS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF