Gender differences in dentistry: A qualitative study on students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for entering dentistry at higher education.

Introduction: Having a balanced gender distribution is thought to ensure the diversity of knowledge and know-how and take better into account the different needs in society. The aim of the study is to explore and understand possible gender differences in (a) the students' motivational spectrum to choose a dental education and (b) their prospect of a professional career in dentistry.

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with male and female dental students (n = 14) followed by a theoretical reading based on Self-Determination Theory to explore the students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for entering dentistry in Denmark.

Increased body fat mass and androgen metabolism - A twin study in healthy young women.

Objective: Obesity may alter serum steroid concentrations and metabolism. We investigated this in healthy young women with increased body fat and their leaner co-twin sisters.

Design: Age and genetic background both strongly influence serum steroid levels and body composition.

Metabolism of sex steroids is influenced by acquired adiposity-A study of young adult male monozygotic twin pairs.

Obesity and ageing are associated with lower serum testosterone levels in men. How fat distribution or adipose tissue metabolism, independent of genetic factors and age, are related to sex steroid metabolism is less clear. We studied the associations between adiposity and serum sex hormone concentrations, and mRNA expression of genes regulating sex hormone metabolism in adipose tissue in young adult male monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs.

Adipocyte morphology and implications for metabolic derangements in acquired obesity.

Background: Adipocyte size and number have been suggested to predict the development of metabolic complications in obesity. However, the genetic and environmental determinants behind this phenomenon remain unclear.

Methods: We studied this question in rare-weight discordant (intra-pair difference (Δ) body mass index (BMI) 3-10 kg m(-2), n=15) and concordant (ΔBMI 0-2 kg m(-)(2), n=5) young adult (22-35 years) monozygotic twin pairs identified from 10 birth cohorts of Finnish twins (n=5 500 pairs).

Characterising metabolically healthy obesity in weight-discordant monozygotic twins.

Aims/hypothesis: Not all obese individuals display the metabolic disturbances commonly associated with excess fat accumulation. Mechanisms maintaining this 'metabolically healthy obesity' (MHO) are as yet unknown. We aimed to study different fat depots and transcriptional pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) as related to the MHO phenomenon.