Optimizing lyophilization primary drying: A vaccine case study with experimental and modeling techniques.

In this study, we present the lyophilization process development efforts for a vaccine formulation aimed at optimizing the primary drying time (hence, the total cycle length) through comprehensive evaluation of its thermal characteristics, temperature profile, and critical quality attributes (CQAs). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and freeze-drying microscopy (FDM) were used to experimentally determine the product-critical temperatures, viz., the glass transition temperature (T') and the collapse temperature (T).

Incidence and magnitude of post-transplant cardiovascular disease after pediatric kidney transplantation: Risk factor analysis of 1058 pediatric kidney transplants at the university of Minnesota.

Background: KT recipients have increased the risk of CVD. The incidence of post-transplant CVEs among pediatric recipients has not been well-characterized.

Patients And Methods: Between 1963 and 2015, 884 pediatric (age: 0-17 years old) recipients received 1058 KTs at our institution.

Improved Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Infants (Age < 2 years): A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Infants (age, < 2 years) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have increased morbidity and mortality. We evaluated our long-term outcomes of kidney transplants (KTx) in infants.

Methods: Between 1984 and 2014, 136 infants underwent KTx.

Post-Transplant Malignancy after Pediatric Kidney Transplantation: Retrospective Analysis of Incidence and Risk Factors in 884 Patients Receiving Transplants Between 1963 and 2015 at the University of Minnesota.

Background: Post-transplant malignancy (PTM) remains a concern among pediatric kidney transplant (PKT) recipients.

Study Design: Between 1963 and 2015, 884 pediatric (age 0 to 17 years old) patients received 1,055 PKTs at our institution. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to identify risk factors for PTM after PKT with time-to-first-PTM as a primary outcome.

Evolution of Living Donor Nephrectomy at a Single Center: Long-term Outcomes With 4 Different Techniques in Greater Than 4000 Donors Over 50 Years.

Background: The development of minimally invasive surgical approaches to donor nephrectomy (DN) has been driven by the potential advantages for the donor, with questions remaining about long-term outcomes.

Methods: All living DN performed from June 1963 through December 2014 at the University of Minnesota were reviewed. Outcomes were compared among 4 DN techniques.