Arv1; a "Mover and Shaker" of Subcellular Lipids.

The composition of eukaryotic membranes reflects a varied but precise amalgam of lipids. The genetic underpinning of how such diversity is achieved or maintained is surprisingly obscure, despite its clear metabolic and pathophysiological impact. The Arv1 protein is represented in all eukaryotes and was initially identified in the model eukaryote as a candidate transporter of lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum.

Toxic Effects of Butanol in the Plane of the Cell Membrane.

Solvent toxicity limits -butanol fermentation titer, increasing the cost and energy consumption for subsequent separation processes and making biobased production more expensive and energy-intensive than petrochemical approaches. Amphiphilic solvents such as -butanol partition into the cell membrane of fermenting microorganisms, thinning the transverse structure, and eventually causing a loss of membrane potential and cell death. In this work, we demonstrate the deleterious effects of -butanol partitioning upon the lateral dimension of the membrane structure, called membrane domains or lipid rafts.

Humanized monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 mice develop metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Mice lacking monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (mMGAT2) are resistant to diet-induced fatty liver, suggesting hMOGAT2 inhibition is a viable option for treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). We generated humanized hMOGAT2 mice (HuMgat2) for use in pre-clinical studies testing the efficacy of hMOGAT2 inhibitors for treating MASLD/MASH. HuMgat2 mice developed MASH when fed a steatotic diet.

The H3.3 K36M oncohistone disrupts the establishment of epigenetic memory through loss of DNA methylation.

Histone H3.3 is frequently mutated in cancers, with the lysine 36 to methionine mutation (K36M) being a hallmark of chondroblastomas. While it is known that H3.