Noma (cancrum oris) in the South African context.

Noma (cancrum oris) is a destructive necrotising disease affecting orofacial tissues predominantly of malnourished young children. It is characterised by a rapid acute onset which usually starts in the mouth, spreads intra-orally destroying soft tissue and bone and progresses to perforate the facial skin, causing disfigurement. Polybacterial anaerobic infection is critical too, but is not alone sufficient for the initiation of noma.

Noma (cancrum oris): a report of a case in a young AIDS patient with a review of the pathogenesis.

Noma (cancrum oris) is a mutilating necrotising disease of the orofacial tissues. It affects predominantly debilitated malnourished children, in whom the necrotic process may cause severe damage to mid-facial structures. Its aetiopathogenesis is uncertain, but its course is fulminating, and without timely intervention the disease may be fatal.

Primary oral melanoma associated with HIV infection.

POM, when it occurs, is most common in the palate and the maxillary gingiva. It has a poor prognosis. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice while radiotherapy and chemotherapy are adjunctive.

The prognostic significance of facial lymphoedema in HIV-seropositive subjects with Kaposi sarcoma.

Background: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal angioproliferative neoplasm characterized by inflammation, oedema, neoangiogenesis and spindle cell proliferation. The pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated KS (HIV-KS) is multifactorial. HHV-8 is an essential factor but not in itself sufficient to cause HIV-KS, the development of which is influenced by HIV, by increased production of cytokines and by growth factors.

Orbital abscess as a complication of odontogenic infection. A case report and review of the literature.

Orbital abscess is a rare complication of odontogenic infection. This report describes a case of an orbital abscess in a 42-year-old HIV-seropositive woman who developed this condition as a complication by direct spread via the maxillary sinus of a dento-alveolar abscess of the maxillary first premolar, resulting in the loss of her eye.