T-follicular helper cells are epigenetically poised to transdifferentiate into T-regulatory type 1 cells.

Chronic antigenic stimulation can trigger the formation of interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing T-regulatory type 1 (TR1) cells in vivo. We have recently shown that murine T-follicular helper (TFH) cells are precursors of TR1 cells and that the TFH-to-TR1 cell transdifferentiation process is characterized by the progressive loss and acquisition of opposing transcription factor gene expression programs that evolve through at least one transitional cell stage. Here, we use a broad range of bulk and single-cell transcriptional and epigenetic tools to investigate the epigenetic underpinnings of this process.

Transcriptional re-programming of liver-resident iNKT cells into T-regulatory type-1-like liver iNKT cells involves extensive gene de-methylation.

Unlike conventional CD4+ T cells, which are phenotypically and functionally plastic, invariant NKT (iNKT) cells generally exist in a terminally differentiated state. Naïve CD4+ T cells can acquire alternative epigenetic states in response to different cues, but it remains unclear whether peripheral iNKT cells are epigenetically stable or malleable. Repetitive encounters of liver-resident iNKT cells (LiNKTs) with alpha-galactosylceramide (αGalCer)/CD1d-coated nanoparticles (NPs) can trigger their differentiation into a LiNKT cell subset expressing a T regulatory type 1 (TR1)-like (LiNKTR1) transcriptional signature.

Proximal Row Carpectomy With Soft Tissue Interposition: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.

Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) with soft tissue interposition arthroplasty (STIA) presents an alternative approach to addressing wrist arthritis patterns involving the capitate and/or lunate fossa, in lieu of wrist arthrodesis. This systematic review aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes and techniques associated with PRC-STIA in patients with advanced wrist arthritis. We conducted a systematic review using databases including PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

miR-877-5p as a Potential Link between Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Development and Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a risk factor for breast cancer (BC) that increases its aggressiveness and metastasis. The prevalence of MS is higher in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is the molecular subtype with the worst prognosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying this association have not been fully elucidated.

Biofunctionalization of surfaces to minimize undesirable effects in cardiovascular assistance devices.

Background: The reactivity of blood with non-endothelial surface is a challenge for long-term Ventricular Assist Devices development, usually made with pure titanium, which despite of being inert, low density and high mechanical resistance it does not avoid the thrombogenic responses. Here we tested a modification on the titanium surface with Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures followed by Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coating in different thicknesses to customize the wettability profile by changing the surface energy of the titanium.

Methods: Four different surfaces were proposed: (1) Pure Titanium as Reference Material (RM), (2) Textured as Test Sample (TS), (3) Textured with DLC 0.