Phylogenetic characterization of canine distemper virus from stray dogs in Kathmandu Valley.

Canine distemper is a highly contagious, often fatal disease caused by canine distemper virus (CDV) in domestic dogs and wild carnivores. The virus has caused mass epidemics in both wild and captive carnivores of high conservation value such as tigers, lions and leopards. Hence, understanding and managing CDV outbreaks is particularly important in Nepal, which is home to many species of threatened wild carnivores including tigers, leopards, snow leopards, dholes and wolves, and also contains a large population of stray dogs.

Platform shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Background: Platform shoulder arthroplasty systems may allow conversion to a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) without removing a well-fixed, well-positioned humeral stem. We sought to evaluate the complications associated with humeral stem exchange versus retention in patients undergoing conversion shoulder arthroplasty with a platform shoulder arthroplasty system.

Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Embase were searched from database inception through October 9, 2016, for all articles comparing humeral stem retention versus exchange during conversion RTSA or that pertained to conversion RTSA with stem retention alone.

Biomechanical Evaluation of All-Polyethylene Pegged Bony Ingrowth Glenoid Fixation Techniques on Implant Micromotion.

Newer glenoid components that allow for hybrid cement fixation via traditional cementation of peripheral pegs and bony ingrowth into an interference-fit central peg introduce the possibility of long-term biological fixation. However, little biomechanical work has been done on the initial stability of these components and the various fixation options. We conducted a study in which all-polyethylene glenoid components with a centrally fluted peg were implanted in polyurethane blocks with interference-fit, hybrid cement, and fully cemented fixation (5 per fixation group).

Pediatric Bulbar and Posterior Urethral Injuries: Operative Outcomes and Long-Term Follow-Up.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze complications and outcomes of end-to-end urethral anastomosis performed for posttraumatic bulbar strictures or posterior urethral injuries in pediatric patients.

Methods: The records of 15 boys, age 18 years and below, admitted to our tertiary trauma center with urethral injuries from 1989 to 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Out of these 15 boys, 7 were excluded (2 for iatrogenic trauma, 2 for minor straddle injuries who were not operated on, 2 for incomplete records, and 1 lost to follow-up) and 8 analyzed patients were operated for bulbar or posterior urethral injury.

The impact of rotator cuff deficiency on structure, mechanical properties, and gene expression profiles of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT): Implications for management of the LHBT during primary shoulder arthroplasty.

The long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) occupies a unique proximal intra-articular and distal extra-articular position within the human shoulder. In the presence of a rotator cuff (RC) tear, the LHBT is recruited into an accelerated role undergoing potential mechanical and biochemical degeneration. Intra-articular sections of the LHBT were harvested during primary shoulder arthroplasty from patients with an intact or deficient RC.