Archives, Thresholds, Discontinuities: Blumenberg and Foucault on Historical Substantialism and the Phenomenology of History.

Blumenberg's The Legitimacy of the Modern Age was published in the same year as Foucault's The Order of Things (1966). Both books attempt to grasp certain not altogether self-evident changes in the Western history of knowledge and attempt new methods of considering these discontinuities and the so-called "thresholds" between epochs. Beyond such general points of shared interest, one must ask if Blumenberg and Foucault share other intellectual features, for they both developed strong philosophical critiques of Husserlian and Heideggerian approaches to history, critiques that arose from their shared hostility to a kind of "historicism," alongside their refusal of any "substance.

Evaluation of pollutant exposure by chemical and biological markers in a Mediterranean French urban stream: a step for in situ calibration of multixenobiotic resistance transporter expression as biomarker in Chironomidae larvae.

This study was aimed at semi-quantifying the membrane density of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) transporters in Chironomidae Orthocladiinae larvae from an urban stream by ELISA assay. The relationships between the MXR transporter membrane density and limnological parameters and pollutant concentrations, 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as per the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and seven polychlorobiphenyl congeners (PCBs), were assessed. Midge larvae were collected, and limnological parameters and pollutant concentrations were measured in three sites of a French Mediterranean urban stream, two located after sewage treatment plants, and one closed to the river mouth, and in two additional sites, one on the stream tributary, and one in a non-urbanized stream located in the same region.

[Network for sentinel lymph node research in breast cancer].

Aims: The goals of this paper were to determine the accuracy of the sentinel node in predicting axillary nodal status and to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating sentinel node biopsy into a general practice.

Methods: Between June 1999 and February 2003, 304 patients with clinically T0-T2[< 3 cm] M0 breast cancer underwent sentinel node biopsy. Both lymphoscintigraphy and blue dye were used to guide this biopsy.