Multi-center randomized controlled trial of cognitive treatment, placebo, oxybutynin, bladder training, and pelvic floor training in children with functional urinary incontinence.

Objective: Functional urinary incontinence causes considerable morbidity in 8.4% of school-age children, mainly girls. To compare oxybutynin, placebo, and bladder training in overactive bladder (OAB), and cognitive treatment and pelvic floor training in dysfunctional voiding (DV), a multi-center controlled trial was designed, the European Bladder Dysfunction Study.

Mutations in CYP24A1 and idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia.

Background: Vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of rickets is one of the oldest and most effective prophylactic measures in medicine, having virtually eradicated rickets in North America. Given the potentially toxic effects of vitamin D, the recommendations for the optimal dose are still debated, in part owing to the increased incidence of idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia in Britain in the 1950s during a period of high vitamin D supplementation in fortified milk products. We investigated the molecular basis of idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia, which is characterized by severe hypercalcemia, failure to thrive, vomiting, dehydration, and nephrocalcinosis.

Angiotensin receptor blocker reduces proteinuria independently of blood pressure in children already treated with Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

Background/aims: Dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) has higher antiproteinuric effects than single blockade in adults. In children, little is known on dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system. The study investigates whether adding an ARB to proteinuric children already on ACEI reduces proteinuria.

Efficacy and safety of basiliximab in pediatric renal transplant patients receiving cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids.

Background: Basiliximab, a monoclonal CD25 antibody has proofed effective in reducing acute rejection episodes in adults in various immunosuppressive regimens. The effect of basiliximab in the pediatric population is controversial.

Methods: In a 12-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, renal transplant patients aged 1 to 18 years were randomized to basiliximab or placebo with cyclosporine microemulsion, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids.

Searching biomarker candidates in serum using multidimensional native chromatography. II Method evaluation with Alport syndrome and severe inflammation.

Biomarker search using multidimensional native liquid fractionation of serum in microplates was evaluated. From different donors, homologous sample fractions with UV absorbance depending on state of illness were selected, and their constituents were identified and quantitated by MS. Analysis of sera of patients with Alport syndrome and severe inflammation proved the reliability of the method by confirming characteristic alterations.