Evaluating the climate impact of aviation emission scenarios towards the Paris agreement including COVID-19 effects.

Aviation is an important contributor to the global economy, satisfying society's mobility needs. It contributes to climate change through CO and non-CO effects, including contrail-cirrus and ozone formation. There is currently significant interest in policies, regulations and research aiming to reduce aviation's climate impact.

Aspirin-like molecules that inhibit human immunodeficiency virus 1 replication.

Some anti-inflammatory molecules are also known to possess anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. We found that o-(acetoxyphenyl)hept-2-ynyl sulfide (APHS), a recently synthesized non-steroidal anti-inflammatory molecule can inhibit HIV-1 replication. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of action of APHS.

APHS can act synergically with clinically available HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors and is active against several drug-resistant HIV-1 strains in vitro.

Objectives: The use of multiple drug combinations in current anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy allows lower dosages of individual drugs and results in enhancement of the therapeutic effect due to synergic interactions between different drugs. We have shown that o-(acetoxyphenyl)hept-2-ynyl sulphide (APHS), a recently developed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, shows anti-HIV activity in a dose-dependent manner. The first aim of this study was to investigate whether APHS can act synergically with the clinically available reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors (RTIs and PIs, respectively) in vitro.

High level expression and secretion of truncated forms of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 glycoprotein D by the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2) glycoproteins D (gD-1 and gD-2) play a role in the entry of the virus into the host cell. Availability of substantial amounts of these proteins, or large fragments thereof, will be needed to allow studies at the molecular level. We studied the potency of the Pichia pastoris yeast expression system to produce soluble forms of gD.

Enhanced expression of fractalkine in HIV-1 associated dementia.

The CX(3)C chemokine fractalkine was found to be up-regulated in the brain during inflammatory processes. In this study, we tried to assess the role of fractalkine in HIV-1-associated dementia. Fractalkine expression is up-regulated in the brains of AIDS patients with HAD.