Dissemination of arr-2 and arr-3 is associated with class 1 integrons in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Portugal.

\nKlebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen of healthcare-associated infections expressing a plethora of antimicrobial resistance loci, including ADP-ribosyltransferase coding genes (arr), able to mediate rifampicin resistance. The latter has activity against a broad range of microorganisms by inhibiting DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. This study aims to characterise the arr distribution and genetic context in 138 clinical isolates of K.

Pneumococci remain the main cause of complicated pediatric pneumonia in the post-pandemic era despite extensive pneumococcal vaccine use.

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) greatly enhance the capacity to identify the etiology of pediatric complicated pneumonia. However, the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines could reduce the importance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in pediatric complicated pneumonia with the potential emergence of other bacterial agents. Using an expanded NAAT in culture negative pleural fluid or empyema samples collected in 2010-2024 (n = 554) in Portugal, we show that S.

Rebound of pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Portugal after the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with significant serotype changes.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the institution of public health measures in many countries which reduced respiratory infections. We aimed to identify and characterize changes in pediatric (<18 years) invasive pneumococcal disease (pIPD) in Portugal in 2018-2023.

Methods: pIPD cases were identified by culture and molecular methods and stratified by age and serotype.