Kenneth Keown (1917-1985): Innovator in Early Cardiac Anesthesiology.

Kenneth Keown, MD, was a forward-thinking anesthesiologist who developed techniques to allow the safe practice of cardiac anesthesia and opened the door for the future development of more complex intracardiac surgical procedures. His early successful protocols for cardiac anesthesiology and his wide-reaching education of others on these methods earned him the designation of "the grand old man of anesthesia for inside-the-heart surgery" at a young age. His contributions also extended to groundbreaking research in hypothermia, lidocaine uses as an antiarrhythmic, and advocacy for anesthesiology as a specialty.

Neointimal hyperplasia after endoluminal injury in mice is dependent on tissue factor- and angiopoietin-2 dependent interferon gamma production by fibrocytes and macrophages.

Background: The intimal hyperplasia (IH) and vascular remodelling that follows endovascular injury, for instance after post-angioplasty re-stenosis, results in downstream ischaemia and progressive end organ damage. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is known to play a critical role in this process. In mouse models we have previously shown that fibrocytes expressing tissue factor (TF) are recruited early to the site of injury.

Continuous Risk Score Predicts Waitlist and Post-transplant Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Despite Exception Changes.

Background & Aims: Continuous risk-stratification of candidates and urgency-based prioritization have been utilized for liver transplantation (LT) in patients with non-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States. Instead, for patients with HCC, a dichotomous criterion with exception points is still used. This study evaluated the utility of the hazard associated with LT for HCC (HALT-HCC), an oncological continuous risk score, to stratify waitlist dropout and post-LT outcomes.