Triple Clavicle Injury: A Fracture of the Middle Third Associated With Acromioclavicular Dislocation and Sternoclavicular Subluxation.

In this report, we present a case of a triple clavicle injury, acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation, a middle third clavicle fracture, and a sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) subluxation, and describe its successful surgical treatment. A 49-year-old female patient sustained a 3 m fall, resulting in direct trauma to her left shoulder. Initial radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a displaced middle third clavicle fracture, a high-grade ACJ dislocation, and a posterior SCJ subluxation.

Impact of non-ionic surfactants on release kinetics, toxicity and colloidal characteristics of benznidazole self-emulsifying delivery system evidenced by flow field-flow fractionation.

Chagas disease is the major cause of death by cardiomyopathy in Latin America. Benznidazole (BZN) tablets are the standard of care for Chagas disease, and recently, self-emulsifying systems (SEDDS) have shown promising efficacy as the BZN delivery system, particularly for pediatric use. However, the comparative effects of surfactants on the physicochemical properties of SEDDS have been poorly investigated to date.

Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) Questionnaire.

 To evaluate the validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI).  We assessed 51 patients aged 18 to 40 years who were divided into 3 groups: 17 patients with shoulder instability undergoing conservative treatment, 17 with shoulder instability treated surgically, and 17 without shoulder instability. The patients underwent functional and health assessments using the following scores: WOSI, Rowe, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), and University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Scale.

Irreparable Cuff Injuries: Treatment Options and Clinical Outcomes.

Rotator cuff tear is a common source of pain and disfunction in shoulder, with prevalence increasing with age. Nonsurgical treatment is adequate for many patients; however, for those for whom surgical treatment is indicated, rotator cuff repair provides reliable pain relief and good functional results. However, massive and irreparable tears due to tear size, tendon retraction, muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration are a significant challenge for surgeons.