Publications by authors named "J Mallewa"
Background: Despite treatment with highly effective antimalarial drugs, malaria annually claims the lives of over half a million children under 5-years of age in sub-Saharan Africa. Cerebral malaria (CM), defined as Plasmodium falciparum infection with coma, is the severe malaria syndrome with the highest mortality. Studies in the CM mouse model suggest that a T cell-mediated response underlies CM pathology, opening a new target for therapy in humans.
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- This study focused on the economic and health impacts of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant bloodstream infections (3GC-R BSI) in adult patients in Blantyre, Malawi, highlighting the need for cost data in low- and middle-income regions.
- It found that the average health provider cost for patients with 3GC-R BSI was about $110.27, higher than those with susceptible infections, and patients faced additional costs for medical and non-medical needs.
- Overall, 3GC-R BSI led to significant societal costs and a substantial loss in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), accounting for 84% of costs and 82% of QALYs lost related
is one of the most prevalent Gram-negative species associated with drug resistant infections. Strains that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or carbapenemases are both particularly problematic and disproportionately impact resource limited healthcare settings where last-line antimicrobials may not be available. A large number of genomes are now available and have allowed insights into pathogenesis and epidemiology of ESBL but genomes from sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) are significantly underrepresented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Compared to the abundance of clinical and genomic information available on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 disease from high-income countries, there is a paucity of data from low-income countries. Our aim was to explore the relationship between viral lineage and patient outcome.
Methods: We enrolled a prospective observational cohort of adult patients hospitalised with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 disease between July 2020 and March 2022 from Blantyre, Malawi, covering four waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Background: When people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (PWH) develop malaria, they are at risk of poor anti-malarial treatment efficacy resulting from impairment in the immune response and/or drug-drug interactions that alter anti-malarial metabolism. The therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine was evaluated in a cohort of PWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and included measurement of day 7 lumefantrine levels in a subset to evaluate for associations between lumefantrine exposure and treatment response.
Methods: Adults living with HIV (≥ 18 years), on ART for ≥ 6 months with undetectable HIV RNA viral load and CD4 count ≥ 250/mm were randomized to daily trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS), weekly chloroquine (CQ) or no prophylaxis.