Developing a core outcome set for interventions in people with mild cognitive impairment: study protocol.

Introduction: There is no standardised national guidance on clinical management for people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and therapeutic interventions are limited. Understanding what outcomes are important and meaningful to people living with MCI and developing a core outcome set (COS) for research and clinical practice will improve the impact of clinical research and contribute towards developing effective care pathways for MCI. This study aims to develop a COS for adults living with MCI intended for use in interventional and clinical settings.

Refining bone marrow ablation and reconstitution in mice.

This report presents findings from a group of UK-based researchers with expertise in the use of animal models for bone marrow ablation and reconstitution. The primary aim is to facilitate the implementation of the Three Rs (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement), with an emphasis on refinement. Bone marrow ablation and reconstitution procedures are performed for a number of different purposes and conducted predominantly in mice.

A qualitative analysis of PA leaders in Kentucky.

Objective: To describe Kentucky's physician associate/assistant (PA) leadership pathway and provide advice for individual leadership trajectories.

Methods: A qualitative study using semistructured interviews and inductive coding methodology to identify themes of PA leaders.

Results: Participants were primarily female (76.

Fibula fixation is not associated with a higher rate of wound complications during pilon fracture open reduction internal fixation.

Introduction: There is a lack of consensus regarding indications for fibula fixation in pilon fractures. Reduction of the fibula fracture can assist with restoring lateral column length and reduction of the tibial plafond during pilon ORIF. However, there are theoretical concerns with wound complications and soft tissue insult.

More Than a Small Brain: The Importance of Studying Neural Function during Development.

The nervous system contains complex circuits comprising thousands of cell types and trillions of connections. Here, we discuss how the field of "developmental systems neuroscience" combines the molecular and genetic perspectives of developmental neuroscience with the (typically adult-focused) functional perspective of systems neuroscience. This combination of approaches is critical to understanding how a handful of cells eventually produce the wide range of behaviors necessary for survival.