Pulmonary herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome related to COVID-19.

Purpose: Human herpesviruses, particularly cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV), frequently reactivate in critically ill patients, including those with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical interpretation of pulmonary herpesvirus reactivation is challenging and there is ongoing debate about its association with mortality and benefit of antiviral medication. We aimed to quantify the incidence and pathogenicity of pulmonary CMV and HSV reactivations in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Extra-intestinal pathogenic lineages of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing are associated with prolonged ESBL gene carriage.

Objectives: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-Ec) are frequently acquired during international travel, contributing to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Human-adapted ESBL-Ec are predicted to exhibit increased intestinal carriage duration, resulting in a higher likelihood of onward human-to-human transmission. Yet, bacterial determinants of increased carriage duration are unknown.

Nanopore sequencing elucidates development of meropenem resistance by insertion of a mobile genetic element in the porin gene in .

An ESBL-producing isolate recovered from a patient undergoing long-term treatment developed resistance to meropenem without acquiring carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes. We performed Nanopore and Illumina sequencing and subsequent full hybrid genome assembly of this isolate and the meropenem-susceptible isolate recovered almost 8 weeks prior. Whole genome MLST patterns did not differ between isolates.