Management of Procedural Pain and Anxiety in Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review.

Background: Although there is a body of literature on the implementation of interventions to manage procedural pain and anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we found no literature presenting the current state of knowledge on this topic.

Objectives: To review the state of knowledge on interventions for the management of procedural pain and anxiety in children and adolescents with ASD.

Method: A scoping review using PRISMA-ScR was conducted.

Intraoperative use of a gamma probe for the treatment of condylar hyperplasia: description of a new technique.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe a new technique to perform a high condylectomy using a γ-probe.

Materials And Methods: A 15-year-old female patient presented with right condylar hyperplasia. Because the condition was active, a high condylectomy was performed to stop the abnormal growth of the affected condyle.

Modulation of 5' splice site selection using tailed oligonucleotides carrying splicing signals.

Background: We previously described the use of tailed oligonucleotides as a means of reprogramming alternative pre-mRNA splicing in vitro and in vivo. The tailed oligonucleotides that were used interfere with splicing because they contain a portion complementary to sequences immediately upstream of the target 5' splice site combined with a non-hybridizing 5' tail carrying binding sites for the hnRNP A1/A2 proteins. In the present study, we have tested the inhibitory activity of RNA oligonucleotides carrying different tail structures.

Two-dimensional echocardiography estimation of right ventricular ejection fraction by wall motion score index.

Background: Radionuclide angiography (RNA) and echocardiography (biplane Simpson method) are the most accepted methods for right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) evaluation. The authors tried to determine a new method to measure RVEF based on wall motion score index (WMSI).

Objectives: One hundred forty-one patients with RV dysfunction had transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) evaluation of the right ventricle.

Reprogramming alternative pre-messenger RNA splicing through the use of protein-binding antisense oligonucleotides.

Alternative pre-messenger RNA splicing is a major contributor to proteomic diversity in higher eukaryotes and represents a key step in the control of protein function in a large variety of biological systems. As a means of artificially altering splice site choice, we have investigated the impact of positioning proteins in the vicinity of 5' splice sites. We find that a recombinant GST-MS2 protein interferes with 5' splice site use, most efficiently when it binds upstream of that site.