Nanoscale thickness Octave-spanning coherent supercontinuum light generation.

Coherent broadband light generation has attracted massive attention due to its numerous applications ranging from metrology, sensing, and imaging to communication. In general, spectral broadening is realized via third-order and higher-order nonlinear optical processes (e.g.

Novel loci and biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation.

Iron homoeostasis is tightly regulated, with hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) playing significant roles. However, the genetic determinants of these traits and the biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation are unclear. In a meta-analysis of 12 cohorts involving 91,675 participants, we found 43 genomic loci associated with either hepcidin or sTfR concentration, of which 15 previously unreported.

DINGO: increasing the power of locus discovery in maternal and fetal genome-wide association studies of perinatal traits.

Perinatal traits are influenced by fetal and maternal genomes. We investigate the performance of three strategies to detect loci in maternal and fetal genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of the same quantitative trait: (i) the traditional strategy of analysing maternal and fetal GWASs separately; (ii) a two-degree-of-freedom test which combines information from maternal and fetal GWASs; and (iii) a one-degree-of-freedom test where signals from maternal and fetal GWASs are meta-analysed together conditional on estimated sample overlap. We demonstrate that the optimal strategy depends on the extent of sample overlap, correlation between phenotypes, whether loci exhibit fetal and/or maternal effects, and whether these effects are directionally concordant.

Genetics of hypertension-related sex differences and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Hypertension and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) cause a significant burden of disease on societies and individuals by increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Environmental risk factors alone do not explain the observed sexual dimorphism in lifetime blood pressure (BP) trajectories nor inter-individual variation in HDP risk. In this short review, we focus on the genetics of hypertension-related sex differences and HDP and discuss the importance of genetics utilization for sex-specific hypertension risk prediction.

The case for balloon eustachian tuboplasty in children.

Purpose Of Review: Balloon dilation of the cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube has increasingly gained acceptance among otolaryngologists in the treatment of obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction. There is however little data on the procedure performed in children. The purpose of this study is to review the recent developments regarding balloon dilation in pediatric patients.