Differential effects of cognition-focused interventions for people with Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The efficacy of cognition-focused interventions (CFIs) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been questioned recently. To date, the specific effects of cognitive rehabilitation (CR), cognitive training (CT), and cognitive stimulation [CS] have not been analyzed due to inconsistencies in the use of the comparison groups. This work aims to analyze the differential effects of CFIs by removing the influence of the comparison group from the estimates of the effects.

Construct validity of the Trail Making Test: role of task-switching, working memory, inhibition/interference control, and visuomotor abilities.

The aim of this study was to clarify which cognitive mechanisms underlie Trail Making Test (TMT) direct and derived scores. A comprehensive review of the literature on the topic was carried out to clarify which cognitive factors had been related to TMT performance. Following the review, we explored the relative contribution from working memory, inhibition/interference control, task-switching ability, and visuomotor speed to TMT performance.

Prone positioning in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Objective: We examined the effect on survival of prone positioning as an early and continuous treatment in ARDS patients already treated with protective ventilation.

Design And Setting: Open randomized controlled trial in 17 medical-surgical ICUs.

Patients: Forty mechanically ventilated patients with early and refractory ARDS despite protective ventilation in the supine position.

[Pulmonary epidermoid carcinoma in a 22-year-old patient with multiple cutaneous metastasis].

The authors present one clinical case of lung epidermoid carcinoma with several concurrent features which are uncommon in relation to this type of neoplasia. Consequently, the age of the patient (22), the lack of known risk factors, the histologic type (little differentiated squamous) and an aggressive biologic behaviour of the tumour, preceded of multiple cutaneous metastasis, are circumstances that make this clinical case exceptional. The more significative aspects present at lung carcinoma included in this age group respect to others are analyzed.

[Chronic granulomatous disease and pulmonary nocardiosis].

A 19-years-old male was admitted for left bilobar pneumonia. All microbiologic studies in blood and in several samples obtained by bronchoscopy were negative. The patient worsened progressively despite antibiotherapy of a wide spectrum.