Transportation infrastructure is an integral part of the world's overall functionality; however, current transportation infrastructure has aged since it was first developed and implemented. Consequently, given its condition, preservation has become a main priority for transportation agencies. Billions of dollars annually are required to maintain the United States' transportation system; however, with limited budgets the prioritization of maintenance and repairs is key.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Allergy Asthma Immunol
September 2003
Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis is an uncommon chronic cholestatic liver disease with a poor prognosis in symptomatic cases. Genetic and immunologic alterations have been identified, and many possible etiologies have been entertained. Most treatments have limited benefit, and primary sclerosing cholangitis is a common cause for liver transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study examines the causes of death from Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis by comparing death certificates with hospital charts as part of an ongoing, community-based analysis in Rochester, NY.
Methods: A registry of 1358 inflammatory bowel disease patients followed from January 1973 to December 1989 was analyzed for the cause of death by a study of death certificates as well as by a study of hospital records, including surgical pathology and autopsy records. A panel of physicians defined specific criteria for diagnosis, cause of death, and relation of death to inflammatory bowel disease.
The epidemiological understanding of inflammatory bowel disease has been limited by the referral bases of most inflammatory bowel disease studies. The Colitis-Ileitis Study Group of Rochester, N.Y.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF