Leadless Pacemaker vs. Transvenous Pacemaker in End Stage Kidney Disease: Insights from the Nationwide Readmission Database.

: Leadless pacemakers offer a safe and effective alternative pacing strategy. However, limited data are available for patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), a population of significant relevance. Using the Nationwide Readmission Database, we extracted data from all adult patients with ESRD who underwent traditional transvenous or leadless pacemaker implantation between 2016 and 2021.

Coancestry superposed on admixed populations yields measures of relatedness at individual-level resolution.

The admixture model is widely applied to estimate and interpret population structure among individuals. Here we consider a "standard admixture" model that assumes the admixed populations are unrelated and also a generalized model, where the admixed populations themselves are related via coancestry (or covariance) of allele frequencies. The generalized model yields a potentially more realistic and substantially more flexible model that we call "super admixture".

Lessons Learned From the Use of Human-Centered Design Approaches to Improve Nutrition in Nigeria.

Improving children's diets from 6 to 24 months can support children's survival, growth, and development, but progress toward this goal has stalled globally. Human-centered design offers a new approach to resolving program challenges, especially when integrated with social and behavior change (SBC) theory and rigorous evaluation. Two human-centered design processes were conducted.

Identifying causal genotype-phenotype relationships for population-sampled parent-child trios.

The process by which genes are transmitted from parent to child provides a source of randomization preceding all other factors that may causally influence any particular child phenotype. Because of this, it is natural to consider genetic transmission as a source of experimental randomization. In this work, we show how parent-child trio data can be leveraged to identify causal genetic loci by modeling the randomization during genetic transmission.

Where Do We Draw the Line? Perceptions of Abuse of Older Adults and Their Association With Ageism.

Objectives: Violence against older adults is a prevalent global harm, and there is evidence that perceptions of violence toward older adults may affect reporting and intervention. The present study examines the perception of violence against older adults in contrast to violence against other age groups and investigates the role of ageism in those perceptions.

Methods: A total of 290 participants were surveyed and asked to indicate whether they perceived 15 abusive behaviors reflecting physical, psychological, sexual, and financial abuse and neglect to be abuse toward either an older adult (age 60+), adult, or child.