Q-switching bifurcation dynamics of passively mode-locked lasers.

We model Q-switched pulses in passively mode-locked lasers using the cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE). We show that a wide set of parameters of this equation leads to Q-switched pulses of triangular shape that consist of a periodic sequence of evolving dissipative solitons. Bifurcation diagrams demonstrating various transformations of these pulses are calculated in terms of five major parameters of the CGLE.

Concurrent Passive Mode-Locked and Self-Q-Switched Operation in Laser Systems.

Concurrent passive mode-locked and self-Q-switched operation of laser devices is modeled using the complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation. Experimental observations use a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser with a waveguide array as a fast saturable absorber. The shape of each individual self-Q-switched pulse and the periodic trains of pairs of such pulses are in a good qualitative agreement with the numerical results.

Super chirped rogue waves in optical fibers.

The super rogue wave dynamics in optical fibers are investigated within the framework of a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation containing group-velocity dispersion, Kerr and quintic nonlinearity, and self-steepening effect. In terms of the explicit rogue wave solutions up to the third order, we show that, for a rogue wave solution of order n, it can be shaped up as a single super rogue wave state with its peak amplitude 2n+1 times the background level, which results from the superposition of n(n+1)/2 Peregrine solitons. Particularly, we demonstrate that these super rogue waves involve a frequency chirp that is also localized in both time and space.

Peregrine Solitons Beyond the Threefold Limit and Their Two-Soliton Interactions.

Within the coupled Fokas-Lenells equations framework, we show explicitly that, in contrast to the expected threefold-amplitude magnification, Peregrine solitons can reach a peak amplitude as high as 5 times the background level. Besides, the interaction of two such anomalous Peregrine solitons can generate a spikelike rogue wave of extremely high peak amplitude, depending on the parameters used. We numerically confirm that the Peregrine soliton beyond the threefold limit can be reproduced from either a deterministic initial profile or a chaotic background field, hence anticipating the feasibility of its experimental observation.

Dissipative solitons with extreme spikes in the normal and anomalous dispersion regimes.

Prigogine's ideas of systems far from equilibrium and self-organization (Prigogine & Lefever. 1968 , 1695-1700 (doi:10.1063/1.