Hospital-recorded chronic health conditions in children with and without Down syndrome in England: a national cohort of births from 2003 to 2019.

Objective: The objective is to describe age-specific cumulative incidence for hospital-recorded indicators of chronic health conditions (CHCs) in children with Down syndrome (DS) compared with children without DS.

Design: National birth cohort using hospital admission and death records.

Setting: National Health Service (NHS)-funded hospitals in England.

Factors associated with radiation necrosis and intracranial control in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and stereotactic radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Emerging data suggest immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or radiotherapy (SRT) may work synergistically, potentially increasing both efficacy and toxicity. This manuscript characterizes factors associated with intracranial control and radiation necrosis in this group.

Materials And Methods: All patients had non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, or melanoma and were treated from 2013 to 2021 at two institutions with ICI and SRS/SRT.

Outcomes of surgical resection and intraoperative electron radiotherapy for patients with para-aortic recurrences of gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancies.

Background: Para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastases from primary pelvic malignancies are often treated with resection, but recurrence is common. We report toxicity and oncologic outcomes for patients with PALN metastases from gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancies treated with resection and intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IORT).

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with recurrent PALN metastases who underwent resection with IORT.

Augmenting Quality Assurance Measures in Treatment Review with Machine Learning in Radiation Oncology.

Purpose: Pretreatment quality assurance (QA) of treatment plans often requires a high cognitive workload and considerable time expenditure. This study explores the use of machine learning to classify pretreatment chart check QA for a given radiation plan as difficult or less difficult, thereby alerting the physicists to increase scrutiny on difficult plans.

Methods And Materials: Pretreatment QA data were collected for 973 cases between July 2018 and October 2020.

The relationships between pain-associated psychological distress, pain intensity, patient expectations, and physical function in individuals with musculoskeletal pain: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: The presence of pain-associated psychological distress (PAPD) in musculoskeletal disorders, including negative mood, fear-avoidance, and lack of positive affect/coping, is associated with prolonged disability. The importance of considering psychological influence on pain is well known, but practical ways of addressing it are not as straightforward. Identifying relationships between PAPD and pain intensity, patient expectations, and physical function may guide the development of future studies that assess causality and inform clinical practice.