Publications by authors named "J M Shannon"
Background: Members of many racial and ethnic population subgroups are underrepresented in clinical trials and research. We present perspectives on barriers and facilitators to study participation gathered from Hispanic participants in a population-based genetic screening study.
Methods: Seven focus groups (five in English and two in Spanish) were conducted with self-identified Hispanic participants of the Healthy Oregon Project (HOP), a large population-based cohort of adults residing in Oregon.
Reducing methane (CH) emissions from agriculture, among other sectors, is a key step to reducing global warming. There are many strategies to reduce CH emissions in ruminant animals, including genetic selection, which yields cumulative and permanent genetic gains over generations. A single-step genomic evaluation for methane efficiency (MEF) was officially implemented in April 2023 for the Canadian Holstein breed, aiming to reduce CH emissions without affecting production levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAberrant activation of NLRP3 due to persistent tissue damage, misfolded proteins or crystal deposits has been linked to multiple chronic inflammatory disorders such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), neurodegenerative diseases, gouty arthritis, and numerous others. Hence, there has been an increasing interest in NLRP3 inhibitors as therapeutics. A first generation of NLRP3 inhibitors bearing a sulfonylurea core such as MCC950 (developed by Pfizer) were discovered by phenotypic screening, however their mode of action was only elucidated later.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The yellow fever virus 17D (YFV-17D) vaccine is highly effective at generating antiviral immunity, but the mechanisms behind its immune response remain unclear.
- Researchers discovered that YFV-17D infection triggers mitochondrial activity and metabolic changes that enhance the production of type I interferon (IFN), a key part of the immune response.
- The study found that reactive oxygen species (mROS) and peroxynitrite produced by mitochondrial hyperactivity play a crucial role in activating innate immunity, making the vaccine more effective against infection.
Background: The growing demand for genomic testing and limited access to experts necessitate innovative service models. While chatbots have shown promise in supporting genomic services like pre-test counseling, their use in returning positive genetic results, especially using the more recent large language models (LLMs) remains unexplored.
Objective: This study reports the prompt engineering process and intrinsic evaluation of the LLM component of a chatbot designed to support returning positive population-wide genomic screening results.