Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: Case study of 24 years and outcome of treatment with CO laser.

Background: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a rare and refractory form of oral leukoplakia. The etiology of PVL remains unknown. The lesion is characterized by a high rate of malignant transformation.

ChatGPT for Addressing Patient-centered Frequently Asked Questions in Glaucoma Clinical Practice.

Purpose: Large language models such as ChatGPT-3.5 are often used by the public to answer questions related to daily life, including health advice. This study evaluated the responses of ChatGPT-3.

A Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Biosensor for Intracellular Measurement of Malonyl-CoA.

Malonyl-CoA is the essential building block of fatty acids and regulates cell function through protein malonylation and allosteric regulation of signaling networks. Accordingly, the production and use of malonyl-CoA is finely tuned by the cellular energy status. Most studies of malonyl-CoA dynamics rely on bulk approaches that take only a snapshot of the average metabolic state of a population of cells, missing out on dynamic changes in malonyl-CoA and fatty acid biosynthesis that could be occurring within a single cell.

Morphogenic Modeling of Corrosion Reveals Complex Effects of Intermetallic Particles.

Corrosion processes are often discussed as stochastic events. Here, it is shown that some of these seemingly random processes are not driven by nanoscopic fluctuations but rather by the spatial distribution of micrometer-scale heterogeneities that trigger fast reactions associated with corrosion. Using a novel excitable reaction-diffusion model, corrosion waves traveling over the metal surface and the associated material loss are described.