Early Motor Signs in Pathologically Verified Alzheimer's Disease and Lewy Body Disease.

Background: The neuropathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD) commonly co-occur. Parkinsonism is the hallmark feature in LBD but it can be difficult to predict the presence of these co-pathologies early in the course of clinical disease. Timely diagnosis has crucial implications, especially with the advent of disease-modifying therapies.

A longitudinal study of functional brain complexity in progressive Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Cross-sectional resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) studies have revealed altered complexity with advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD) stages. The current study conducted longitudinal rsfMRI complexity analyses in AD.

Methods: Linear mixed-effects (LME) models were implemented to evaluate altered rates of disease progression in complexity across disease groups.

Motor abilities and cognitive performance in Latinos with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Declining motor abilities might be a noninvasive biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studying motor ability and AD progression in younger Latinos with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) can provide insights into the interplay between motor ability and cognition in individuals with minimal confounding from age-normative changes and comorbid medical conditions.

Objectives: This study aimed to (1) examine motor abilities as a function of years to dementia diagnosis and (2) examine associations between motor ability and cognitive performance.

MRI free water mediates the association between diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and executive function in four independent middle to aged cohorts.

Introduction: Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index was proposed for assessing glymphatic clearance function. This study evaluated DTI-ALPS as a biomarker for cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) related vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID).

Methods: Four independent cohorts were examined.

Neuropathology of trisomy 21 mosaicism in a case with early-onset dementia.

Introduction: This study investigated the impact of trisomy 21 mosaicism (mT21) on Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in a well-characterized clinical case described by Ringman et al.

Methods: We describe AD neuropathology in mT21 including amyloid beta, phosphorylated tau, astrogliosis, microgliosis, α-synuclein, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in cerebral cortex, hippocampal subregions, and amygdala using immunohistochemistry.

Results: We observed high AD neuropathologic change with a score of A3B3C3.