Identification of the mode of evolution in incomplete carbonate successions.

Background: The fossil record provides the unique opportunity to observe evolution over millions of years, but is known to be incomplete. While incompleteness varies spatially and is hard to estimate for empirical sections, computer simulations of geological processes can be used to examine the effects of the incompleteness in silico. We combine simulations of different modes of evolution (stasis, (un)biased random walks) with deposition of carbonate platforms strata to examine how well the mode of evolution can be recovered from fossil time series, and how test results vary between different positions in the carbonate platform and multiple stratigraphic architectures generated by different sea level curves.

Disease severity in subsequent pregnancies with RhD immunization: A nationwide cohort.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the severity of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) in subsequent pregnancies with RhD immunization and to identify predictive factors for severe disease.

Materials And Methods: Nationwide prospective cohort study, including all pregnant women with RhD antibodies. All women with at least two pregnancies with RhD antibodies and RhD-positive foetuses were selected.

PCR standard curve quantification in an extensive wastewater surveillance program: results from the Dutch SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance.

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, wastewater surveillance programs were established, or upscaled, in many countries around the world and have proven to be a cost-effective way of monitoring infectious disease pathogens. Many of these programs use RT-qPCR, and quantify the viral concentrations in samples based on standard curves, by including preparations of a reference material with known nucleic acid or virus concentrations in the RT-qPCR analyses. In high-throughput monitoring programs it is possible to combine data from multiple previous runs, circumventing the need for duplication and resulting in decreased costs and prolonged periods during which the reference material is obtained from the same batch.

Risk factors for RhD immunisation in a high coverage prevention programme of antenatal and postnatal RhIg: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate which risk factors for RhD immunisation remain, despite adequate routine antenatal and postnatal RhIg prophylaxis (1000 IU RhIg) and additional administration of RhIg. The second objective was assessment of the current prevalence of RhD immunisations.

Design: Prospective cohort study.