The impact of group membership on punishment versus partner rejection.

People often display ingroup bias in punishment, punishing outgroup members more harshly than ingroup members. However, the impact of group membership may be less pronounced when people are choosing whether to stop interacting with someone (i.e.

Evidence for Changes in Screen Use in the United States During Early Childhood Related to COVID-19 Pandemic Parent Stressors: Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic transformed the home lives of many families in the United States, especially those with young children. Understanding the relationship between child and parent screen time and family stressors exacerbated by the pandemic may help inform interventions that aim to support early child development.

Objective: We aim to assess the changing relationship between family screen time and factors related to pandemic-induced remote work and childcare or school closures.

Post Take-Over Performance Varies in Drivers of Automated and Connected Vehicle Technology in Near-Miss Scenarios.

Objective: This study examined the impact of monitoring instructions when using an automated driving system (ADS) and road obstructions on post take-over performance in near-miss scenarios.

Background: Past research indicates partial ADS reduces the driver's situation awareness and degrades post take-over performance. Connected vehicle technology may alert drivers to impending hazards in time to safely avoid near-miss events.

Caring for People With Depression: Costs Among 43 Million Commercially Insured Patients With or Without Comorbid Illnesses.

Background: Depression is a common comorbidity for patients with chronic medical conditions. Although the costs of treating chronic medical illness in combination with depression are believed to be significantly higher than the costs of treating each condition independently, few studies have formally modeled the cost consequences of mental health comorbidity.

Purpose: To estimate the relative magnitude of the independent and synergistic contributions to health care costs from depression diagnosis and other chronic physical health conditions.

An evaluation of a care coaching and provider referral intervention for behavioral health needs.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in health care spending and utilization associated with a telehealth-based care coach-supported and behavioral health (BH) provider referral intervention in the United States.

Study Design: Observational retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching of treated and control groups.

Methods: Difference-in-differences (DID) analysis was used to calculate per-member per-month (PMPM) savings and changes in utilization in a treated group relative to matched controls over 36 months.